Aims/Introduction: The aim of the present study was to examine the associations of rs2241766 (+45T>G), rs1501299 (+276G>T), rs17300539 (-11391G>A) and rs182052 (-10069G>A) in the adiponectin (Ad) gene with adiponectin concentrations, and concomitantly the association of these variants with cardiometabolic risk in type 2 diabetic patients of African ancestry. Materials and Methods: A cross-secti…
Aims/Introduction: Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARG) is a nuclear hormone receptor of the ligand-dependent transcription factor involved in adipogenesis, and a molecular target of the insulin sensitizer, thiazolidinediones. The present study aimed to investigate whether the PPARG gene is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus and its related traits within the population…
Aims/Introduction: Though there are many differences in dietary habits and in the metabolic basis between Western and Asian people, the actual dietary intake in Asian patients with diabetes has not been investigated in a nationwide setting, unlike in Western countries. We aimed to clarify dietary intake among Japanese individuals with type 2 diabetes, and identify differences in dietary intake …
Aims/Introduction: The associations between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and chronic vascular complications of type 2 diabetes remain uncertain. We assessed the relationships between NAFLD and chronic vascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: Patients with type 2 diabetes (n = 929) attending a diabetes clinic of a university hospital were studi…
Aims/Introduction: We examined secular trends in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes and prediabetes in community-dwelling Japanese subjects. Materials and Methods: A total of 2,490 subjects in 1988 and 2,852 subjects in 2002 aged 40–79 years underwent a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test, and their glucose tolerance status was defined by the 1998 World Health Organization criteria. Results: The …
The United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study, and Diabetes Control and Complications Trial have shown that aggressive glucose control, especially early in the natural history of the disease, might result in a significant reduction of microvascular as well as macrovascular complications. However, more recent trials have increased the level of complexity of the relationship between ‘tight gluc…
Monogenic diabetes represents a heterogeneous group of disorders resulting from defects in single genes. Defects are categorized primarily into two groups: disruption of b-cell function or a reduction in the number of b-cells. A complex network of transcription factors control pancreas formation, and a dysfunction of regulators high in the hierarchy leads to pancreatic agenesis. Dysfunction amo…
To estimate the carbohydrate-to-insulin ratio (CIR), a formula dividing a constant, usually 300–500, by the total daily dose (TDD) of insulin, is widely utilized. An appropriate CIR varies for each meal of the day, however. Here, we investigate diurnal variation of CIR in hospitalized Japanese type 1 diabetic patients treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. After optimization o…